farmer



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

No Model.)

J. PARMER. APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND PULVERIZING BLOOD, &0., FOR

FHRTILIZERS.

Patented June 3, 1884.

' Wzinesses.

N. PETERS mwumo n w, Waihingmn. 04 c (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. PARMER.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND PULVERIZING BLOOD, 650-, FOR I I FERTILIZERS. No. 299,766. w A Patented Ju ne 3, 1884.

FIGIFC.

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E! E I 'Wlnesses. Inventor.

T I M' n. Pains, Pnmmm her, Washiugwn. n. c,

NITED STATES APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND PULVERIZIN G BLOOD, &c.. FOR FERTILIZERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,766, dated June 3, 1884.

Application filed December 26. 1882. (No model.) Patented in England June 7, 1882, No. 2,663; in France December 7, 1882, No.

, 152,486, and in Germany December 9, 1882, No. 23,257.

To aZZ whom itnmy'concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES FARMER, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and residing at Salford, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented Improvements in the Construction of Machinery or Apparatus for Drying and Pulverizing Blood, Excrementitious Matter, and other Fluid or Semi-Fluid Materials or Compounds, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates principally to the construction of apparatus for drying and pulverizing blood and excrementitious matter, so as to form a manure-powder; but the apparatus may also be applied to the drying and pulverizing of other fluid or semi-fluid materials or compounds.

The invention consists,externally, of a fixed steam jacket or casing of a twin cylindrical form, with closed ends, in which jacket or casing are mounted two hollow steam heated axles, each provided with a series of blades or boaters, which latter are set at varying angles, and are so arranged and geared together that when they revolve they pass between each other.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 is avertical transverse section of my improved apparatus, and Fig. 2is a longitudinal horizontal section of the same.

The twin cylindrical steam j acket or casing a a is composed of two cylinders, each preferably caster-formed in about four sections bolted together by means of external flanges, b b. Each cylinder has about one-third of its circumference removed. The two open sides are placed together and united by flanges and bolts at c 0, so that when the blades or beaters d (I revolve upon theiraxes inside the two cylinders a a the said blades or beaters will interlock like the teeth of two spur-wheels in gear, as at Fig. 1, and break up and disintegrate the semi-dry material, preventing it from forming into'large pasty lumps and being carried round by the arms, as it does in machines of one cylinder. The ends of the blades or heaters d d are provided with scrapers e e, which are so pitched around the axes and are of such a width that no two scrapers scrape or clean the same surface, but all the said scrapers in conjunction in one revolution of each of the said axes entirely scrape or clean the inside surface of thesteamheated casing.

The accompanying drawings show the twin cylindrical steam jacket or casing, made of cast-iron in longitudinal parts or segments, to be convenient for transport'and erection. The joints are planed at the right angles, and the segments are bolted together by external flanges, after which they are bored out to make a true cylindrical internal surface, enabling the scrapers to be .set close to the said surface, to prevent any coating of non-conducting material from caking on the surface to retard the evap oration. Thus heat is greatly economized, and the evaporation is thereby greatly accelerated. The hollow sections a a are all connected together by means of branch pipes, (see dotted lines in Fig. 1,) and these branch pipes are connected to main steam-pipes ff. The condensed water is removed by similar pipe-connections attached to a suitable drain. The hollow axes g g are geared together by a pair of equal-sized spur-wheels, h h, (see Fig. 2,)so that they revolve in opposite directions, one of these spur-wheels being driven by a spur-pinion keyed on a' shaft, i i, which is actuated by a steam-engine (preferably of the double-cylinder diagonal class) or by other suitable motive power. Steam is supplied to the twin cylindrical casing a a and also to the hollow axes, in order to heat and dry the blood or other matter under operation while it is being stirred in opposite directions by the blades or beaters d d. The vapor thus created is drawn through the passage k by a fan or other kind of exhauster, and is sent to a condensing apparatus, which condensing apparatus forms no part of my invention. The blood or other semi-fluid matter to be operated on is poured in through openings at Z Z, and the dried manure-powder is discharged through the doors or traps mm. Thereis also a man-hole at a a in one of the cylinders,to allow of access to the interior.

.' I wish it to be understood that I do not bind myself to the method of construction already explained, as I can make the hollow casing of wrought-iron with planed jump-joints and countersunk rivets, although I prefer the cast-iron bored surface on account of its accuracy, and because it is free from internal leakage, which often occurs in the wroughtiron easing at the rivets through expansion. I can also construct this machine with an inside castiron cylinder and a fixed wrought-iron casing, leaving a cavity for steam-heating.

I am aware that it has been proposed to construct a clay-reducer with a pair of armed drums in a twin cylindrical casing, and that it is not new to combine a pair of hollow revolving drums with heaters in a jacketed tank; but I believe it be new to construct the jacketed casing of the twin cylindrical form shown, and to eombi ne therewith the described arrangement of scrapers to keep the entirein- 11er surface of the jacketed tank clean. If the inner surface of the steam-easing were not thus kept clean, it would become quickly corroded and coated wit-h the material under treatment, and, as this is a non-conductor, the temperature would be considerably lowered and the rapidity of the process seriously interfered with. The twin cylindrical form of the easing presenting no corners for the accumulation of the material greatly aids the action of the scrapers.

I claim as my invention- The combination of a jacketed easing of a twin cylindrical form with a pair of revolving boaters having scrapers in contact with the interior surface of the casing and differently pitched around the axes, substantially as described, whereby all the scrapers in conjunction in one revolution entirely scrape the in side surface of the casing.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAS. FAI-tMEl-l.

\Vitnesses:

( 1 none 15 DAY! es, JNO. Hncnns. 

